IRIS Toxicological Review of Trichloroethylene (Interagency Science Consultation Draft)

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Abstract

On November 3, 2009, the Toxicological Review of Trichloroethylene and the charge to external peer reviewers were released for external peer review and public comment. The Toxicological Review and charge were reviewed internally by EPA and by other federal agencies and White House Offices before public release. In the new IRIS process, introduced by the EPA Administrator, all written comments on IRIS assessments submitted by other federal agencies and White House Offices will be made publicly available. Accordingly, interagency comments and the interagency science consultation draft of the IRIS Toxicological Review of Trichloroethylene and the charge to external peer reviewers are posted on this site.
The draft Toxicological Review of Trichloroethylene (TCE) provides scientific support and rationale for the hazard and dose-response assessment pertaining to chronic exposure to TCE. TCE is a chlorinated solvent that has been widely used as a metal degreaser, as a chemical intermediate and extractant, and as a component of some consumer products. TCE is designated as a Hazardous Air Pollutant, is a common groundwater contaminant, and has been found at more than 1,500 hazardous waste sites. TCE enters the atmosphere from vapor degreasing operations or volatilization from contaminated soils, surface waters via direct discharges, and groundwater through leaching from disposal operations and hazardous waste sites. In addition, TCE can be released to indoor air from the use of TCE-containing consumer products, volatilization from water supplies, and vapor intrusion through walls and floors from contaminated soil and groundwater.

Impact/Purpose

The purpose of this Toxicological Review is to provide scientific support and rationale for the hazard and dose-response assessment in IRIS pertaining to chronic exposure to trichloroethylene. It is not intended to be a comprehensive treatise on the chemical or toxicological nature of trichloroethylene.

Status

Following external peer review the assessment will be revised taking into consideration external peer review and public comments, will undergo a final EPA internal review and a review by and science discussion with other federal agencies and White House offices, and will be posted to the IRIS database.

Citation

U.S. EPA. IRIS Toxicological Review of Trichloroethylene (Interagency Science Consultation Draft). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, EPA/635/R-09/011C, 2009.

History/Chronology

Date	Description
01- Aug 2001	EPA released an External review draft Trichloroethylene Health Risk Assessment: Synthesis and Characterization for public review and comment.
02- Dec 2002	EPA's Science Advisory Board released an independent peer review report Review of Draft Trichloroethylene Health Risk Assessment: Synthesis and Characterization: An EPA Science Advisory Board Report (PDF, 83 pp, 376 KB, about PDF).
03- Feb 2004	EPA hosted a Symposium on New Scientific Research Related to the Health Effects of Trichloroethylene held in Washington, DC.
04- Sep 2004	The National Academy of Science (NAS) initiated the project “Assessing the Human Health Risks of Trichloroethylene : Key Scientific Issues” under sponsorship of EPA and other federal agencies.
05- Feb 2005	EPA submitted four TCE issue papers on key scientific issues to the NAS.
06- July 2006	The National Academy of Science (NAS) released the report Assessing the Human Health Risks of Trichloroethylene: Key Scientific Issues Consultation.
07- Sep 2009	EPA hosted an interagency science discussion on the review of the draft Toxicological Review of Trichloroethylene.
08- Oct 2009	EPA Science Advisory Board (SAB) releases Federal Register Notice requesting nominations of experts for the SAB TCE Review Panel.
09- Nov 2009	EPA releases the External Reviewer Draft for public comment and review.

Additional Information

Instructions for accessing supplementary files to Appendices A, F, and G.
(1) Download the ".zip" file.
(2) "Extract" files using Microsoft Windows or equivalent decompression software, creating a folder named "Appendix.linked.files"
(3) Move the folder "Appendix.linked.files" to the same directory where the PDF file for Appendix A, F, or G is located.
(4) Open the PDF file for Appendix A, F, or G using Adobe Acrobat Reader. To open the supplementary files, click on the appropriate links.

Download(s)

Toxicological Review of Trichloroethylene (Interagency Science Consultation Draft) (PDF) (1255 pp, 4.6 MB, about PDF)
Charge to External Peer Reviewers (Interagency Science Consultation Draft) (PDF) (4 pp, 33.2 KB, about PDF)
Appendix A: PBPK Modeling of TCE and Metabolites – Detailed Methods and Results (PDF) (108 pp, 1.4 MB, about PDF)
Appendix B: Systematic Review of Epidemiologic Studies on Cancer and Trichloroethylene (TCE) Exposure (PDF) (348 pp, 1.5 MB, about PDF)
Appendix C: Meta-analysis of Cancer Results from Epidemiological Studies (PDF) (71 pp, 400.4 KB, about PDF)
Appendix D: Neurological Effects of Trichloroethylene (PDF) (136 pp, 915.0 KB, about PDF)
Appendix E: ANALYSIS OF LIVER AND CO-EXPOSURE ISSUES FOR THE TCE TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW (PDF) (396 pp, 1.6 MB, about PDF)
Appendix F: TCE Non-Cancer Dose-Response Analyses (PDF) (40 pp, 409.2 KB, about PDF)
Appendix G: TCE Cancer Dose-Response Analyses with Rodent Cancer Bioassay Data (PDF) (41 pp, 873.0 KB, about PDF)
Appendix H: Lifetable Analysis/Equations Used for Weighted Linear Regression of Results from Charbotel et al. (2006) (PDF) (4 pp, 168.9 KB, about PDF)
Appendix Linked Files (zip, 90 MB) (ZIP) (838.5 MB, about ZIP)