Dietary Exposures and Intake Doses to Bisphenol A and Triclosan in 188 Duplicate-Single Solid Food Items Consumed by Adults-Poster
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Few data are available on bisphenol A (BPA) or triclosan (TCS) residue levels in the foods consumed by adults in everyday settings. The main objectives of this research were to 1) determine BPA and TCS residue concentrations in duplicate-single solid food items consumed by adults and 2) estimate dietary exposure and dietary intake doses per food item. A convenience sample of 50 adults was recruited in the Piedmont region of North Carolina between 2009–2011. Participants completed 24-h food diaries and collected 24-h duplicate-diet solid food samples consumed on days 1 and 2 of sampling weeks 1, 2, and 6. Based on the participant’s food diaries, a total of 188 of the collected 776 duplicate-diet solid food samples contained a single, solid food item. BPA and TCS residue concentrations were quantified in the 188 different food items using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. BPA and TCS were detected in 37% and 58% of these food items, respectively. Residues levels for both chemicals occurred the most often in various types of sandwiches. BPA concentrations were highest in a cheese and tomato sandwich (104 ng/g) whereas the highest TCS concentrations were in a burrito (22.1 ng/g). In addition, these chemicals co-occurred in 20% of the total food items. The maximum dietary exposure (28,622 ng/day) and dietary intake dose (429 ng/kg/day) for BPA were in a participant’s vegetable soup with tortilla. For TCS, the maximum dietary exposure (9,328 ng/day) and dietary intake dose (72.0 ng/kg/day) were in a participant’s burrito sample. The results also showed that certain food items typically prepared and/or consumed by hand (i.e., sandwiches, bagels, and/or pizzas) had some of the highest participant intake doses to BPA (63.3–240 ng/kg/day) and TCS (18.5–72.0 ng/kg/day). In conclusion, these participants were exposed to BPA and TCS in a variety of food items consumed in their everyday environments. In addition, the dermal (hand) transfer of BPA and TCS from some consumer goods (e.g., personal care products) to foods may be a significant pathway of exposure in the diet.