IRIS Toxicological Review of Perfluorononanoic Acid (PFNA) and Related Salts (Interagency Science Consultation Draft, 2023)
In March 2024, the draft IRIS Assessment of Perfluorononanoic Acid (PFNA) and Related Salts (Public Comment and External Review Draft) and the draft charge to external peer reviewers were released for a 60-day public review and comment period. The Toxicological Review and charge were reviewed internally by EPA and by other federal agencies and White House Offices before public release. Consistent with the May 2009 IRIS assessment development process, all written comments on IRIS assessments submitted by other federal agencies and White House Offices are made publicly available on this site.
Perfluorononanoic Acid (PFNA) and its related salts are members of the group of per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). PFAS are not naturally occurring in the environment; they are man-made compounds that have been used widely over the past several decades in consumer products and industrial applications because of their resistance to heat, oil, stains, grease, and water. Concerns about PFNA and other PFAS stem from the resistance of these compounds to hydrolysis, photolysis, and biodegradation, which leads to their persistence in the environment.
PFNA has been used to make fluoropolymers, a coating that can resist heat, water, and chemicals; thus, PFNA can be present in products including carpets, food-contact papers, and cleaning and polishing products. Low levels of PFNA are detected in aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) for fire suppression. PFNA is also a breakdown product of other PFAS (e.g. 8:2 fluorotelomer alcohol).
Perfluorononanoic Acid (PFNA) and its related salts are members of the group of per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). PFAS are not naturally occurring in the environment; they are man-made compounds that have been used widely over the past several decades in consumer products and industrial applications because of their resistance to heat, oil, stains, grease, and water. Concerns about PFNA and other PFAS stem from the resistance of these compounds to hydrolysis, photolysis, and biodegradation, which leads to their persistence in the environment.
PFNA has been used to make fluoropolymers, a coating that can resist heat, water, and chemicals; thus, PFNA can be present in products including carpets, food-contact papers, and cleaning and polishing products. Low levels of PFNA are detected in aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) for fire suppression. PFNA is also a breakdown product of other PFAS (e.g. 8:2 fluorotelomer alcohol).
Impact/Purpose
This document presents a draft assessment plan for the PFNA assessments that will be the subject of an SAB/Chemical Assessment Advisory Committee meeting in the Summer of 2023 and that will define the scope and approach of the IRIS assessment for these chemicals.Status
The Perfluorononanoic Acid (PFNA) and Related Salts IRIS assessment was released for public comment in March 2024. Following the public comment period, there will be an external peer review. The assessment will then be revised taking into consideration public and peer review comments.Citation
U.S. EPA. IRIS Toxicological Review of Perfluorononanoic Acid (PFNA) and Related Salts (Interagency Science Consultation Draft, 2023). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, EPA/635/R-23/152, 2023.History/Chronology
| Date | Description |
|---|---|
| 01- Nov 2019 | EPA released the Systematic Review Protocol for the PFAS IRIS Assessment (Preliminary Assessment Materials). [Federal Register Notice Nov 8, 2019] |
| 02- Jul 2020 | EPA released an update to the Systematic Review Protocol for the PFBA, PFHxA, PFHxS, PFNA, and PFDA IRIS Assessments in response to public comments. |
| 03- Jul 2023 | EPA sent an interagency science consultation PFNA draft for review and comment. |
| 04- Mar 2024 | EPA released the draft IRIS Toxicological Review of Perfluorononanoic Acid (PFNA) and Related Salts for a 60-day public comment period and external peer review. The comments on the Interagency Science Consultation Draft were also released. [Federal Register Notice Mar 07, 2024 ] |
Download(s)
This download(s) is distributed solely for the purpose of pre-dissemination peer review under applicable information quality guidelines. It has not been formally disseminated by EPA. It does not represent and should not be construed to represent any Agency determination or policy.
- 1. ATSDR PFNA IASC Comments July 2023 (PDF) (3 pp, 199.2 KB, about PDF)
- 2. DoD PFNA IASC Comments July 2023 (PDF) (30 pp, 373.0 KB, about PDF)
- 3. DOE PFNA IASC Comments July 2023 (PDF) (2 pp, 116.2 KB, about PDF)
- 4. FDA PFNA IASC Comments July 2023 (PDF) (2 pp, 129.9 KB, about PDF)
- 5. NIEHS PFNA IASC Comments July 2023 (PDF) (9 pp, 321.3 KB, about PDF)
- 6. NIOSH PFNA IASC Comments July 2023 (PDF) (1 pp, 140.6 KB, about PDF)
- 7. USDA PFNA IASC Comments July 2023 (PDF) (1 pp, 106.4 KB, about PDF)
- 8. ATSDR PFNA IASC Hepatic Comments December 2023 (PDF) (1 pp, 114.3 KB, about PDF)
- 9. DoD PFNA IASC Appendix Comments December 2023 (PDF) (4 pp, 85.0 KB, about PDF)
- 10. DoD PFNA IASC Hepatic Comments December 2023 (PDF) (3 pp, 85.9 KB, about PDF)
- 11. NIEHS PFNA IASC Hepatic Comments December 2023 (PDF) (1 pp, 148.4 KB, about PDF)