Graphical Depictions of Toxicological Data
Recent advances in collection, storage and sharing of toxicological data (as well as an ever-increasing volume of information) have led to the need for more effective visual representations to interpret these data streams. Additionally, secure and consistent data curation in accordance with FAIR (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability and Reuse) data principles ensure protection of the investments of time and resources in creating these data. Guidance from expert advisory groups such as the National Research Council <span
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<EndNote><Cite><Author>NRC</Author><Year>2011</Year><RecNum>6</RecNum><IDText>710724</IDText><DisplayText>(NRC,
2011)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>6</rec-number><foreign-keys><key
app="EN" db-id="5rezs5vr9sz59vedafrxrv2xtassexvdrtxv"
timestamp="1677768528">6</key></foreign-keys><ref-type
name="Report">27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>NRC,</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Review
of the Environmental Protection Agency's draft IRIS assessment of
formaldehyde</title></titles><pages>1-194</pages><dates><year>2011</year></dates><pub-location>Washington,
DC</pub-location><publisher>The National Academies
Press</publisher><accession-num>25032397</accession-num><label>710724</label><urls><related-urls><url>http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/13142</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.17226/13142</electronic-resource-num><language>English</language></record></Cite></EndNote><span
style='mso-element:field-separator'>(NRC, 2011)<span
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style='mso-element:field-end'> and the Risk Assessment Forum (RAF) within the US EPA <span
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<EndNote><Cite><Author>US
EPA</Author><Year>2002</Year><RecNum>3</RecNum><IDText>88824</IDText><DisplayText>(US
EPA, 2002)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>3</rec-number><foreign-keys><key
app="EN" db-id="5rezs5vr9sz59vedafrxrv2xtassexvdrtxv"
timestamp="1677768528">3</key></foreign-keys><ref-type
name="Report">27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>US
EPA,</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>A
review of the reference dose and reference concentration
processes</title></titles><dates><year>2002</year></dates><pub-location>Washington,
DC</pub-location><isbn>EPA630P02002F</isbn><label>88824</label><urls><related-urls><url>https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-12/documents/rfd-final.pdf</url></related-urls></urls><language>English</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>US
EPA</Author><Year>2002</Year><RecNum>3</RecNum><IDText>88824</IDText><record><rec-number>3</rec-number><foreign-keys><key
app="EN" db-id="5rezs5vr9sz59vedafrxrv2xtassexvdrtxv"
timestamp="1677768528">3</key></foreign-keys><ref-type
name="Report">27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>US
EPA,</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>A
review of the reference dose and reference concentration
processes</title></titles><dates><year>2002</year></dates><pub-location>Washington,
DC</pub-location><isbn>EPA630P02002F</isbn><label>88824</label><urls><related-urls><url>https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-12/documents/rfd-final.pdf</url></related-urls></urls><language>English</language></record></Cite></EndNote><span
style='mso-element:field-separator'>(US EPA, 2002)<span
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style='mso-element:field-end'> have recommended incorporation of better and more succinct summaries of the toxicological data being used in risk assessment. One of the recommended methods for performing such summaries is the use of visual and graphic displays of the database. Displaying classical toxicological data (e.g., animal and human exposure studies) ranging from a simple dose-response curve from a single study for a single effect, to arrays of multiple effects from several studies across species, duration, etc. This chapter presents a summary of several types of graphical depictions which visually communicate toxicological data. Particular attention is given to the use of these figures and graphs to express dose/exposure-response relationships (i.e., responses of biological systems to toxic chemicals and agents), and interoperable data repositories in the context of human health risk assessment.